2017年下半年教师资格证考试《初中英语》试题

21、请阅读Passage l，完成第{TSE}小题。

Passage 1

Self-driving vehicles threaten to send truck drivers to the unemployment office． Computer programs can now write journalistic accounts of sporting events and stock price movements． There are even computers that can grade essay exams with reasonable accuracy, which could revolutionize my own job． Increasingly, machines are providing not only the brawn but the brains, too． And that raises the question of where humans fit into this picture--who will prosper and who won´t in this new kind of machine economy?

Within five years we are likely to have the world´s best education, or close to it, online and free． But not everyone will sit down and go through the material without a professor pushing them to do the work．

Your Smartphone will record data on your life and, when asked, will tell you what to do,drawing on data from your home or from your spouse and friends if need be． "You´ ve thrown out that bread the last three times you´ve bought it, give it a pass" will be a text message of the future．

How about"Now is not the time to start another argument with your wife"? The GPS is just the beginning of computer-guided instruction． Take your Smartphone on a date, and it might vibrate in your pocket to indicate "Kiss her now．" If you hesitate for fear of being seen as pushy, it may write:

"Who cares if you look bad? You are sampling optimally in the quest for a lifetime companion．"

A lot of jobs will consist of making people feel either very good or very bad about themselves．

Coaches, mentors and disciplinarians will spread to many areas of life, at least for those of us who can stand to listen to them． These people will cajole us, flatter us and shame us into improving our lives, our work habits and our consumption．

Computing and software will make it easier to measure performance and productivity．

It will be harder to gloss over our failings and maintain self-deception． In essence everyone will suffer the fate of professional chess players, who will always know when they have lost a game, have an exact numerical rating for their overall performance, and find excuses for failure hard to come by．

Individuals will have many measures of their proficiency． They will have an incentive to disclose that information to get the better job or social opportunity． You´ll assume the worst about those who keep secrets, and so openness will reign． Many of us will start to hate the idea of Big Data．

{TS}Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word"brawn" in Paragraph 1?

A.Job．

B.Meat．

C.Physical strength．

D.Mental agility．

22、 What does the underlined phrase "the question" in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A.Where do humans fit into this picture?

B.Will machines eventually replace human beings?

C.Which could revolutionize my own job, teaching at school?

D.Who will prosper and who will not in this machine economy?

23、What makes the instructions sent by smartphones valuable and reliable for people when doing things?

A.A global positioning system installed in all smartphones．

B.Information collected and elicited by smartphones from your life．

C.An optimal sampling software to store information in smartphones．

D.Vibrations smartphones make in your pocket as a constant reminder．

24、 Who will be most likely to suffer from this technological revolution?

A.Fashion gurus specializing in producing, modeling, or marketing fashion．

B.American young people who do not make good use of the online courses．

C.Individuals keeping the information about their proficiency to themselves．

D.Professional chess players who are not able to calculate the play outcome．

25、 Why will many people start to hate Big Data according to the last paragraph?

A.Because people will have no privacy and can' t tell any lies at all．

B.Because they facilitate performance and productivity assessment．

C.Because they give people no choice but to comply with computers．

D.Because people have found it really hard to finish doing everything．

26、请阅读Passage 2，完成第{TSE}小题。

Passage 2

Teacher education provided by U．S． colleges and universities has been routinely criticized since its inception in the early nineteenth century, sometimes deservedly． These programs, like non-university programs, are uneven in quality and can be improved． What makes today´ s criticisms different is an aggressive effort by advocacy groups, and self-proclaimed educational entrepreneursto deregulate the preparation of teachers, and to expand independent, alternative routes into teaching．

This effort to "disrupt" the field of teacher preparation in the United States has gained considerable momentum and legitimacy, with venture capitalists, philanthropy, and the U．S．

Department of Education all providing sponsorship and substantial funding．

The strength of this effort is that the United States may quickly seek to dismantle its university system and replace much of it with independent, private programs． The resulting system of teacher preparation may differ dramatically in its government, structure, content, and processes moving away from its current location alongside legal, medical, and other professional preparation that pairs academic degrees with professional training．

Throughout the nation, states are reporting teacher shortages in particular subject areas and geographical locations, and several states have either passed legislation to lower the standards for becoming a teacher or, like the state of Washington, have looked toward expanding the number of teacher education providers to try to fill teaching vacancies． The federal government has contributed to the push to lower standards for becoming a teacher with the Teacher Preparation Academy

provision in the new K-12 education law, the Every Student Succeeds Act, which encourages states to expand the number of independent programs not associated with colleges and universities．

Because of the increasing tuition rates, a consequence in part, of cuts in funding to public universities that continue to educate most U．S． teachers, enrollments in college and university teacher education programs have declined in many parts of the country． Independent teacher education programs are being viewed by some as an important part of the solution in staffing the nation´s classrooms and addressing our serious and enduring problems in education inequities．

Additionally, advocacy groups, philanthropists, and so-called education entrepreneurs are working aggressively to expand these independent alternative routes into teaching．

Given the seriousness of the teacher shortage problem in the United States and the substantial media attention that has been given to independent teacher education programs as the solution to teacher shortages and education inequities, policy makers should very carefully examine the evidence that exists about the nature and impact of these relatively new programs that are rapidly expanding while university teacher education enrollments decline．

{TS} What can be inferred from Paragraph 1 about criticisms against teacher education?

A.The criticisms have been increasing．

B.The criticisms may not be well justified sometimes．

C.The criticisms mainly focus on the quality of non-university programs．

D.The criticisms usually come from advocacy groups and so-called educational entrepreneurs．

27、 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word"momentum" in Paragraph 2?

A.Moment．

B.Motive．

C.Achievement．

D.Incentive．

28、 What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

A.The university system of the United States will completely collapse．

B.The university system of the United States will be totally restructured．

C.The new teacher education programs may not grant students academic degrees in the future．

D.The new teacher education programs will follow the usual practice of other professional preparation．

29、 What measures have been taken by some states to deal with their teacher shortages?

A.To increase the number of qualified teachers．

B.To increase funds for teacher education programs．

C.To expand non-university teacher education programs．

D.To establish the baseline of teacher education programs．

30、Which of the following is true of the independent teacher education programs?

A.They are initiated to deal with teacher shortages and education inequities．

B.They aimed to raise the standards of teacher education programs．

C.They compete with the university teacher education programs．

D.They can replace the university teacher education programs．