2019年国家开发银行招聘考试题

53、Theauthorsays“there'snothingvirtualaboutthat”(Paragraph5),because.

A、notingistruewiththephenomenonthatyoungpeoplediedofcyberbullying

B、theclaimthatyoungpeoplecannotimaginelivingtothenextdayisnotthefact

C、researchshowsthatsuicidalideationsarecausedmorebytheonlinebullying

D、manyyoungpeopletaketheirownlivesnotonlinebutinreality

54、Accordingtotheauthor,whatcausescyberbullying?

A、Theenvironmentinwhichthetechnologyenhancesshaming.

B、Thehumiliationthatismoreintenselyfeltthanitshouldbe.

C、Thepricewehavetopayasthevictimsofmistakes.

D、Theimpactofpeople’ssuicideonfamiliesandthesociety.

55、Whichstatementbestdescribesthewritingpurposeofthisarticle?

A、Tosharewithreaderstheauthor’sunbearablelifecausedbycyberbullying.

B、Toaccusethewholesocietyofitspublichumiliationwhichhasbecomeaculture.

C、Todrawpeople'sattentiontotragediesofvictimsduetocyberbullying.

D、Tocomplaintoreadersthatsocialmediahasmadealargeamountofmoneyoutof

材料

Evenasrichcountriesseektoridworkplacesofsubtlegenderbias,inmanydevelopingonesdiscriminationremainsovert.AccordingtotheWorldBank,womenarebarredfromcertainjobsin104countries.(1)

“Genderequalityinlabourlawisassociatedwithmorewomenworkingandearningmorerelativetomen,”saysSarahIqbaloftheBank.Yetsomecountriespublishlistsofjobsdeemedtoodangerousforwomen(Russia’s456includedrivingatrainorsteeringaship).Othersstopwomenfromworkinginentiresectors,atnightorin“morallyinappropriate”jobs(inKazakhstanwomencannotbleedorstuncattle,pigsorsmallruminants).Infourcountrieswomencannotregisterabusiness.In18ahusbandcanstophiswifeworking.A(2)

Theaimisoftentoprotectthe“weakersex”.Somelawsputwomeninthesamecategoryaschildren;theyconcernjobsseenasphysicallytough,suchasmining,constructionandmanufacturing.Othersrelatetobroadersafetyfears.InMumbai,forexample,femaleshopkeeperscannotworkaslateasmaleones.Otherlawsareintendedtoprotectcapacitytobearchildren.“Suchpoliciesoftenhavedemographicmotivations,especiallyincountrieswithlowbirthrates,”saysMsIqbal.(3)

RestrictionsonnightworkoriginatedinEnglandduringtheIndustrialRevolution.BIn1948theInternationalLabourOrganisation(ILO)stillsoughttokeepwomenawayfromminesandindustrialnightwork.Spaindidnotliftrestrictionsonfemaleworkersinmining,electricityandsomeconstructionjobsuntil1995.Somebansonwomen’sworkstillinplaceinformercoloniesareremnantsofthe1960SpanishCivilCode,theNapoleonicCodeorCommonwealthlaws.(4)

Somelawsareofsurprisinglyrecentorigin:Vietnam’sbanonwomendrivingtractorsof50horsepowerormorecameintoforcein2013.Butonbalance,thetrendistowardsliberalisation.InrecentyearsBulgaria,KiribatiandPolandhaveremovedallrestrictions;ColombiaandCongohavegotridofsome.Othercountrieshavechangedlawsinlightoftechnologicaladvancesthathavemademanyjobssaferandlessreliantonbruteforce,orhaveseencourtsoverturnbansasdiscriminatory.C(5)

Labourshortagesarealsoleadingtochange.WhenmanymaleminersleftMarmato,inColombia,tofindbetterpayelsewhere,femalereplacementsweretolerated,eventhoughhiringthembrokethelaw.Similarly,whenmaletruckersineasternEuropeancountriesthatjoinedtheEuropeanUnionleftforwesternones,pressuretoletwomenreplacethemincreased.AndtheendofabanonwomenworkingnightsinthePhilippinesin2011wascheeredonbycall-centres,whichneedstaffduringdaytimeinAmericaandEurope.(6)

Somesex-specificrestrictionsarecalledfor,saystheILO,particularlyinthecaseofpregnantandbreast-feedingwomen,forexamplewhenworkingwithchemicals.(SuchtemporaryandspecificprecautionsarenotcountedintheWorldBank’sstudy.)But,concludestheILO,blanketprotectiveprohibitionsare“increasinglyobsolete”.D(7)

56、Whichstatementistrueabouttherestrictionsonwork?

A、Indevelopingcountries,thegenderdiscriminationinworkfieldisspreadingtomorecountries.

B、Duetoworkrestrictions,womencannotworkinsometoughindustries.

C、Womenappreciatebeingtreatedasweakersexinsomecountriessoastobearchildren.

D、Liftingrestrictionsonalistofdangerousjobscanhelptosolvetheproblemofinequalityinwork.

57、“Butonbalance,thetrendistowardsliberalization”(Paragraph5)indicatesthat.

A、Vietnam’sbanisareflectionofreformrespondingtothegenderbiasinjobmarkets

B、makinglawsaboutrestrictionsonwomen’sworkhasledtoliberalisation

C、morecountrieshavetakenmeasurestoabrogateworkrestrictionsonwomen

D、theILOhasledamovementtoeliminateworkrestrictionsonwomen

58、Whichofthefollowingisthereasonforthechangerelatedtogenderdiscriminationinjobmarket?

A、Somejobsaretoodangerousforwomen.

B、Menarehuntinghigherpaidjobsinotherplaces.

C、Inspecificareaswomenarepaidhigherthanmen.

D、Womenhavethechoiceofnotbearingchildren.

59、Whatdoes“blanketprotectiveprohibitionsare‘increasinglyobsolete’”meaninthelastparagraph?

A、Inblanketindustry,theworkrestrictionsonwomenhavebecomeverystrict.

B、Restrictionsonwomeninblanketindustryhavetakenoffinsomecountries.

C、Inordertoprotectwomen’srights,workrestrictionsshouldbebanned.

D、Workrestrictionsthatclaimtoprotectallwomenarenolongerpopular.

60Readthewholepassageanddecideinwhichplacethefollowingsentenceshouldbeput“Theywerebasedontheideathatwomennotonlywereweakerandmorevulnerabletoexploitationthanmen,butalsolackedcompetencetomakevalidchoices.”

A、A

B、B

C、C

D、D

61、2018年政府工作报告中指出，要深入推进供给侧结构性改革，不断优化营商环境，进一步激发市场主体活力。下列做法与该政策不相符的是：

A、压减钢铁产能3000万吨左右

B、工程建设项目审批时间压减一半

C、降低电网环节收费和输配电价格

D、提高政策性粮食库存的数量和质量

62、党的十九大报告中总结了十八大以来的五年我国经济建设取得的重大成就。对此，下列说法错误的是：

A、南海岛礁建设积极推进

B、八千多万农业转移人口成为城镇居民

C、经济保持中高速增长，国内生产总值超过百万亿元

D、天宫、蛟龙、天眼、悟空、墨子等重大科技成果相继问世

63、政府和市场的关系是我国经济体制改革的核心问题。关于这二者的说法，错误的是：

A、政府是社会资源的主要配置者

B、发挥政府作用要在尊重市场规律的基础上进行

C、在市场经济条件下，政府的基本职责是弥补市场缺陷

D、在社会主义条件下发展市场经济，既要“有效的市场”，也要“有为的政府”

64、下列关于我国扶贫工作的理解正确的是：

A、促使贫困地区脱贫致富的第一要务是教育

B、农村贫困人口如期全部脱贫要保持农业稳定和农民收入持续增长

C、全面建成小康社会，实现第一个百年奋斗目标，一个标志性指标就是农村贫困人口大部分脱贫

D、新时期脱贫攻坚的目标是到2020年实现“两个确保”：确保农村贫困人口实现脱贫并实现小康，确保贫困县全部脱贫摘帽